what is Selenium
Selenium is an open source automated testing suite for web applications.
Selenium has four components:
Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Selenium Remote Control (RC)
Webdriver
Selenium Grid
Selenium IDE
a firefox extension, support record and playback.
Selenium RC
Selenium Core:
a js program, tests run directly in browser.
Cross Origin Problem:
If the JS is not included from a HTML page on test.com, it can not access test.com resources.
Selenium RC:
a web server, support remote control browser.
Trick web browser into believing selenium core and web application in the same origin.
Can communicate with browser.
Selenium Grid
distribution of selenium tests, can reduce time of running tests.
Webdriver
Webdriver is a standard to do operations on browser, like a bridge between tests and browser.
Different browser has different implementation.
Webdriver protocol defined by W3C
- The Webdriver protocol is organised into commands.
- Each HTTP request with a method and template defined in this specification represents a single command,
- and therefore each command produces a single HTTP response. In response to a command,
- a remote end will run a series of actions against the browser.
Demo of selenium in python
```python
#!-encoding=utf-8-
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome, ChromeOptions
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
chrome_option = ChromeOptions()
chrome_option.add_argument("--proxy-server=http://1.2.2.2:8080") #replace this with your proxy
my_chrome = Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_option,
executable_path="/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/chromedriver")
my_chrome.get('https://www.baidu.com')
baidu_text = my_chrome.find_element_by_id('kw')
baidu_text.send_keys('my search content')
my_chrome.find_element_by_link_text('地图')
my_chrome.find_element_by_class_name('s_ipt')
my_chrome.find_element_by_tag_name('input')
my_chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'kw')
#refresh, back
my_chrome.back()
my_chrome.forward()
my_chrome.refresh()
#set window size
my_chrome.set_window_size(400, 400)
my_chrome.maximize_window()
#mouse events
ActionChains(my_chrome).context_click(baidu_text).perform() #click baidu input and right click
ActionChains(my_chrome).double_click(baidu_text).perform() #click baidu input and right click
ActionChains(my_chrome).move_to_element(baidu_text).perform() #click baidu input and right click
```
